The migration of risk-taking from banks after the financial crisis spawned three major, distinct industries. Private credit absorbed bank lending, proprietary trading firms took over market-making, and multi-strategy hedge funds replicated the activities of internal proprietary trading desks.
As traditional banks retreat from risky commercial property loans, private credit investors are filling the void. These new players, with higher risk tolerance and longer investment horizons, are expected to absorb a trillion dollars in commercial mortgages, reshaping the sector's financing.
Large banks have offloaded riskier loans to private credit, which is now more accessible to retail investors. According to Crossmark's Victoria Fernandez, this concentration of risk in a less transparent market, where "cockroaches" may be hiding, is a primary systemic concern.
According to PIMCO's CIO, post-crisis regulation heavily targets the last failure point (e.g., banks and consumer lending post-GFC). This makes previously regulated sectors safer while risk migrates to areas that escaped scrutiny, like today's non-financial corporate credit market.
As private credit funds absorb riskier, smaller deals, the public high-yield market is left with larger, more stable companies. This migration has improved the overall quality and lowered default rates for public high-yield bonds, creating a performance divergence.
Corporations are increasingly shifting from asset-heavy to capital-light models, often through complex transactions like sale-leasebacks. This strategic trend creates bespoke financing needs that are better served by the flexible solutions of private credit providers than by rigid public markets.
When a corporate client is acquired by private equity and requires higher leverage, the bank risks losing the entire relationship. By partnering with a private credit fund to handle the loan, the bank can keep the client and all associated high-margin fee-based services like treasury management.
Public markets favor asset-light models, creating a void for capital-intensive businesses. Private credit fills this gap with an "asset capture" model where they either receive high returns or seize valuable underlying assets upon default, securing a win either way.
Regulatory leverage lending guidelines, which capped bank participation in highly leveraged deals at six times leverage, created a market void. This constraint directly spurred the growth of the private credit industry, which stepped in to provide capital for transactions that banks could no longer underwrite.
The idea that investment-grade companies will abandon liquid public markets is "highly improbable." The real growth for private capital is in asset-based finance (e.g., consumer, aviation loans) as banks change their lending models, creating a multi-trillion dollar opportunity.
Post-2008 regulations on traditional banks have pushed most lending into the private credit market. This 'shadow banking' system now accounts for 80% of U.S. credit but lacks the transparency and regulatory backstops of formal banking, posing a significant systemic risk.