Don't try to force customers to adopt new behaviors, like a boot-buyer purchasing sandals. Instead, focus on encouraging them to buy a second pair, a newer model, or an upgraded version of the product they already love. This audience-focused approach builds on existing loyalty and is far more effective.

Explosive growth after a Shark Tank appearance created a massive cash flow problem. The four-month lead time on inventory meant the company had to fund orders 8-10 times larger than their current bank balance, pushing them to the financial brink.

Founder Haley Pavoni realized previous convertible heel attempts failed because they only addressed the removable heel. The key innovation was creating a flexible midsole with a removable support shank, allowing the shoe to properly function as both a stylish heel and a comfortable flat.

The business creates two offers: a high-ticket annual prepay ("anchor") and a standard quarterly payment ("core"). Even if only 20% of customers take the anchor, it significantly increases the average cash collected per sale across all customers. This strategy makes the entire acquisition model more profitable without changing the core product.

SaaS companies often use the traditional top-down sales funnel as their mental model. However, this model is fundamentally flawed because it ends at the 'close' and completely ignores the recurring revenue component, which is the lifeblood of SaaS. The 'bow tie' model is a more accurate representation.

Business model innovation is a third, often-overlooked pillar of success alongside product and go-to-market. A novel business model can unlock better unit economics, align incentives with customers, and dictate the entire product and operational strategy.

By selling multiple versions of the same album with minor variations like different colors, Taylor Swift employs a strategy called 'versioning.' This tactic transforms a single purchase into multiple sales from the same customer, creating 'super fans' and boosting profit margins. It's a powerful model for any business with a core product.

While strong marketing is ideal, a business model engineered for high lifetime value (LTV) is a more powerful lever for growth. The enormous profit margins generated per customer create a financial cushion that allows you to scale profitably even with less-than-perfect, inefficient marketing campaigns, crushing competitors who rely on optimization alone.

In subscription or repeat-purchase businesses, the customer relationship begins at the point of sale, it doesn't end. The funnel metaphor is limiting because it ignores the crucial post-acquisition phases of adoption, expansion, and loyalty, where most value is created.