When an agent fails, treat it like an intern. Scrutinize its log of actions to find the specific step where it went wrong (e.g., used the wrong link), then provide a targeted correction. This is far more effective than giving a generic, frustrated re-prompt.
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AI interactions often involve multiple steps (e.g., user prompt, tool calls, retrieval). When an error occurs, the entire chain can fail. The most efficient debugging heuristic is to analyze the sequence and stop at the very first mistake. Focusing on this "most upstream problem" addresses the root cause, as downstream failures are merely symptoms.
People struggle with AI prompts because the model lacks background on their goals and progress. The solution is 'Context Engineering': creating an environment where the AI continuously accumulates user-specific information, materials, and intent, reducing the need for constant prompt tweaking.
When an AI coding assistant gets off track, Tim McLear asks it to generate a summary prompt for another AI to take over. This "resume work" prompt forces the AI to consolidate the context and goal. This summary often reveals where the AI misunderstood the request, allowing him to correct the course and restart with a cleaner prompt.
Before delegating a complex task, use a simple prompt to have a context-aware system generate a more detailed and effective prompt. This "prompt-for-a-prompt" workflow adds necessary detail and structure, significantly improving the agent's success rate and saving rework.
Instead of manually refining a complex prompt, create a process where an AI agent evaluates its own output. By providing a framework for self-critique, including quantitative scores and qualitative reasoning, the AI can iteratively enhance its own system instructions and achieve a much stronger result.
Many AI tools expose the model's reasoning before generating an answer. Reading this internal monologue is a powerful debugging technique. It reveals how the AI is interpreting your instructions, allowing you to quickly identify misunderstandings and improve the clarity of your prompts for better results.
When an AI tool fails, a common user mistake is to get stuck in a 'doom loop' by repeatedly using negative, low-context prompts like 'it's not working.' This is counterproductive. A better approach is to use a specific command or prompt that forces the AI to reflect and reset its approach.
When a prompt yields poor results, use a meta-prompting technique. Feed the failing prompt back to the AI, describe the incorrect output, specify the desired outcome, and explicitly grant it permission to rewrite, add, or delete. The AI will then debug and improve its own instructions.
There's a tension in agent design: should you prune failures from the message history? Pruning prevents a "poisoned" context where hallucinations persist, but keeping failures allows the agent to see the error and correct its approach. For tool call errors, the speaker prefers keeping them in.
When an AI model makes the same undesirable output two or three times, treat it as a signal. Create a custom rule or prompt instruction that explicitly codifies the desired behavior. This trains the AI to avoid that specific mistake in the future, improving consistency over time.
