Exceptional people in flawed systems will produce subpar results. Before focusing on individual performance, leaders must ensure the underlying systems are reliable and resilient. As shown by the Southwest Airlines software meltdown, blaming employees for systemic failures masks the root cause and prevents meaningful improvement.

AI can analyze a customer's support history to predict their behavior. For instance, if a customer consistently calls about shipping delays, an AI agent can proactively contact them with an update before they reach out, transforming a reactive, negative interaction into a positive customer experience.

Companies aren't using AI to cut staff but to handle routine tasks, allowing agents to manage complex, emotional issues. This transforms the agent's role from transactional support to high-value relationship management, requiring more empathy and problem-solving skills, not less.

According to Goodhart's Law, when a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure. If you incentivize employees on AI-driven metrics like 'emails sent,' they will optimize for the number, not quality, corrupting the data and giving false signals of productivity.

Don't fear deploying a specialized, multi-agent customer experience. Even if a customer interacts with several different AI agents, it's superior to being bounced between human agents who lose context. Each AI agent can retain the full conversation history, providing a more coherent and efficient experience.

Sludge is profitable in the short term. With CEO tenures shorter than ever and compensation tied to quarterly stock performance, executives are incentivized to cut customer service costs now, even if it harms long-term customer relationships and brand loyalty.

Companies intentionally create friction ("sludge")—like long waits and complex processes—not from incompetence, but to discourage customers from pursuing claims or services they are entitled to. This is the insidious counterpart to behavioral "nudge" theory.

Open and click rates are ineffective for measuring AI-driven, two-way conversations. Instead, leaders should adopt new KPIs: outcome metrics (e.g., meetings booked), conversational quality (tracking an agent's 'I don't know' rate to measure trust), and, ultimately, customer lifetime value.

The frustrating techniques common in modern customer service—creating needless complexity and slowing down processes—are nearly identical to the "simple sabotage" tactics promoted by the US government for citizens in Nazi-occupied Europe to disrupt enemy operations.