Unlike private sector products that target specific demographics, government digital services must cater to an extremely diverse user base, including people with low income, no permanent address, and vast age differences. This necessitates a rigorous, non-assumptive approach to user research and accessibility from the outset.
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DoorDash is America's fastest-growing brand, driven not by its expected young user base, but by senior citizens. This exposes a significant blind spot in the tech industry, which often overlooks the massive wealth and needs of the baby boomer demographic, representing a major untapped market opportunity.
The most effective user segmentation is based on underlying motivations. Identifying both functional ("inspire me with new music") and emotional ("help me feel less lonely") drivers is the crucial first step to engineering meaningful product delight that resonates deeply with users.
To serve both solo developers and large enterprises, GitHub focuses on creating horizontal "primitives" and APIs first. This foundational layer allows different user types to build their own specific workflows on top, avoiding the trap of creating a one-size-fits-none user experience.
In the public sector, the goal is not to outcompete rivals but to improve service delivery. A government CPO's version of competitive research involves talking to counterparts in other states, partnering with civic tech organizations, and learning from innovative vendors to understand best practices.
In government, digital services are often viewed as IT projects delivered by contractors. A CPO's primary challenge is instilling a culture of product thinking: focusing on customer value, business outcomes, user research, and KPIs, often starting from a point of zero.
Avoid the 'settings screen' trap where endless customization options cater to a vocal minority but create complexity for everyone. Instead, focus on personalization: using behavioral data to intelligently surface the right features to the right users, improving their experience without adding cognitive load for the majority.
When developing AI for sensitive industries like government, anticipate that some customers will be skeptical. Design AI features with clear, non-AI alternatives. This allows you to sell to both "AI excited" and "AI skeptical" jurisdictions, ensuring wider market penetration.
For specialized products, user motivation is more critical than age or location. Focusing on the user's mindset, life stage, and readiness for change (psychographics) can lead to significantly higher engagement and retention than targeting a broad demographic group that may not be ready for the solution.
Unlike many private sector roles, a state CPO serves two distinct customer bases. They build B2C digital services directly for constituents while also developing a B2B platform-as-a-service to be adopted by other state agencies, requiring separate strategies for product marketing and adoption.