The conflict in Ukraine demonstrates that modern warfare is rapidly changing due to AI, which enables fast, iterative development of low-cost drones. Investing in swarms of intelligent drones is now more strategically important than traditional, expensive military assets like aircraft carriers.

Anduril's autonomous Fury fighter jet flies alongside manned aircraft as a force multiplier. It extends the pilot's sensor and weapons range while taking on high-risk maneuvers. This allows for strategies that involve sacrificing autonomous assets to gain an advantage, without the ethical problem of losing human lives.

The strategic role of submarines is evolving beyond being simple weapons platforms. They will act as undetectable, forward-deployed command hubs, controlling networks of autonomous drones and allowing a human to remain in the loop for critical decisions without exposing the submarine itself.

According to Ondos CEO Eric Brock, the defense technology industry has reached a maturity point. The primary challenge is no longer building a single drone or robot, but integrating these various autonomous platforms into a cohesive, interoperable "system of systems" that combines air and ground capabilities.

Defense tech firm Smack Technologies clarifies the objective is not to remove humans entirely. Instead, AI should handle low-value tasks to free up personnel for critical, high-value decisions. This framework, 'intelligent autonomy,' orchestrates manned and unmanned systems while keeping humans in the loop.

Despite drones causing the vast majority of casualties, human soldiers in dugouts remain essential. Their physical presence is what establishes control over territory, as a drone cannot occupy a position. This suggests that the "end of the rifleman" is not as imminent as some predict.

The focus on drone technology overshadows its real impact: a fundamental shift in military doctrine. True innovation isn't adding drones to existing units, but replacing entire battalions (e.g., armor) with new drone-centric formations, completely altering force structures and tactics.

After the Cold War, the Navy prioritized efficiency with a standardized Super Hornet air wing, sacrificing the specialized long-range capabilities of aircraft like the A-6. To counter modern threats, it's now diversifying again, using unmanned aircraft like the MQ-25 refueler and combat drones to restore range and relevance.

Modern warfare has shifted. A $25,000 drone can neutralize a multi-million dollar missile system or threaten a billion-dollar warship. This asymmetry allows less powerful nations or groups to create massive disruption against sophisticated militaries, changing the calculus of global power.