The creation of tax-advantaged "Trump accounts" for all American children makes it easy to gift financial assets. This policy could trigger a cultural shift where birthday and holiday presents evolve from physical toys to contributions to a child's stock market portfolio, normalizing early investing.

A recent rule allows up to $35,000 from a 529 plan (open for 15+ years) to be rolled into a Roth IRA for the beneficiary. This mitigates the risk of over-saving and provides a powerful retirement head start.

Before any investment strategy, the choice of location is paramount. A stable country with strong property rights and rule of law provides the fundamental framework for wealth to compound across generations. Without this, even the best strategy can fail due to confiscation or conflict.

Founder Aaron Galperin moved from high-tax California to no-tax Texas specifically to avoid state income tax on his company's sale. This pre-exit relocation is a crucial, often overlooked financial strategy that significantly increases a founder's net take-home pay from a liquidity event.

While custodial accounts (UGMA/UTMA) can be used for any expense benefiting a child, they have a major risk: the child gains full, unrestricted control of the assets at the age of majority (18 or 21), regardless of parental wishes.

If a 401(k) plan allows it, high earners can make after-tax contributions beyond standard limits and then convert those funds to a Roth account within the plan. This strategy bypasses typical Roth income limitations, creating a large, tax-free growth vehicle for retirement.

A tax deduction lowers your taxable income, saving you an amount proportional to your tax bracket. In contrast, a tax credit directly subtracts from your final tax bill, offering a full dollar-for-dollar reduction. Prioritizing actions that yield credits provides a much larger financial benefit.

The IRS allows a special provision to contribute up to five years' worth of gift-tax-exempt funds (e.g., $95,000) into a 529 in a single year. This tactic front-loads the account to maximize the time for tax-free compounding.

Vanguard's first index fund had a ~2% expense ratio (180 bps), far from today's near-zero fees. This historical fact shows that for innovative financial products, low costs are an outcome of achieving massive scale, not a viable starting point. Early fees must be high enough to build a sustainable business.