The old digital media strategy of rapid scaling via social platforms failed because those audiences were not truly owned. They belonged to Google and Facebook, exhibiting no loyalty to the media brand itself. The new focus is on building direct, dedicated audiences.

When dealing with tech giants like Google or OpenAI, publishers should not rely on goodwill. They are self-interested capitalists who prioritize their own profits. The only reliable strategy is to build mutually beneficial economic ecosystems or create direct relationships with your audience.

BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti acquired HuffPost to achieve massive scale, hoping to force Facebook into revenue-sharing deals. The strategy backfired when Facebook simply changed its algorithm, showing that platforms will always prioritize their own interests, rendering publisher scale irrelevant as a bargaining chip.

The decline of Google and Facebook as reliable traffic drivers is ending the era of chasing scale on platforms. Media companies must now return to a 1990s-style model focused on building a direct, loyal relationship with subscribers who value their specific brand and content.

Instead of treating social media as a long-term home, use it as a strategic tool to get your audience onto platforms you own, like an email list. The primary goal is to capture attention and immediately guide followers into your ecosystem, building a more resilient business off-platform.

Avoid building your primary content presence on platforms like Medium or Quora. These platforms inevitably shift focus from serving users to serving advertisers and their own bottom line, ultimately degrading reach and control for creators. Use them as spokes, but always own your central content hub.

The early days of Web 2.0 provided a unique, now-closed window where non-technical creators could build massive scale for free. Howard Lindzon argues this era is over, as platforms like Facebook and X now own the distribution pipes, making it much harder to break through.

Matt McGarry's 'Big Three' strategy posits YouTube, podcasts, and newsletters as core media pillars. All other platforms, like LinkedIn or X, should be treated strictly as discovery channels. This framework clarifies their role as top-of-funnel tools, preventing creators from misallocating resources on platforms they don't own.

Many digital media companies chased massive scale by leveraging Google and Facebook. However, these audiences were never truly theirs, leading to a lack of loyalty and a flawed business model when the platforms' priorities shifted, revealing the audiences were just 'rented'.