For a simulated reality to be coherent for multiple observers, it must have "persistence"—objects and laws that remain consistent. The moon appears the same to everyone who looks, ensuring a stable, shared experience, much like assets in a multiplayer game.
If reality is a shared virtual experience, then physical death is analogous to a player taking off their VR headset. Their avatar in the game becomes inert, but the player—the conscious agent—is not dead. They have simply disconnected from that specific simulation. This re-frames mortality as a change in interface, not annihilation.
Hoffman's theory posits that our perceived world is not a persistent, objective reality but a simulation that is rendered only when an observer looks at it. According to this model, when you look away from an object, it ceases to exist and is only re-rendered upon observation.
Elon Musk's take on the simulation hypothesis includes a 'Darwinian' twist. Just as humans discard boring simulations, any creators of our reality would do the same. Therefore, the simulations most likely to continue are the most interesting ones, making 'interesting' outcomes the most probable.
Evolution by natural selection is not a theory of how consciousness arose from matter. Instead, it's a theory that explains *why our interface is the way it is*. Our perceptions were shaped by fitness payoffs to help us survive *within the simulation*, not to perceive truth outside of it. The theory is valid, but its domain is the interface.
The simulation of space-time and its physical laws are not arbitrary; they are essential constraints. These rules create the context required for consciousness to explore its possibilities and for subjective experiences (qualia) to become meaningful. Without limitations, there is no context for feeling.
The persistence of objects and shared experiences doesn't prove an objective reality exists. Instead, it suggests a deeper system, analogous to a game server in a multiplayer game, coordinates what each individual observer renders in their personal perceptual "headset," creating a coherent, shared world.
Science's incredible breakthroughs have been about understanding the rules of our virtual reality (spacetime). Being a "wizard" at the Grand Theft Auto game (mastering physics) doesn't mean you understand the underlying circuits and software (objective reality). The next scientific frontier is to use these tools to venture outside the headset.
The process of an AI like Stable Diffusion creating a coherent image by finding patterns within a vast possibility space of random noise serves as a powerful analogy. It illustrates how consciousness might render a structured reality by selecting and solidifying possibilities from an infinite field of potential experiences.
Cognitive scientist Donald Hoffman argues that spacetime and physical objects are a "headset" or VR game, like Grand Theft Auto. This interface evolved to help us survive by hiding overwhelming complexity, not to show us objective truth. Our scientific theories have only studied this interface, not reality itself.
Hoffman's model proposes that consciousness is not a product of the physical brain within space-time. Instead, consciousness is the fundamental building block of all existence, and space-time itself is an emergent phenomenon—a "headset" or user interface—that is created by and within consciousness.