To maintain accountability with minimal HQ staff, the individual who sources and negotiates a deal remains on the acquired company's board. This eliminates problematic "handovers" to an operations team and ensures the dealmaker has long-term skin in the game, fostering alignment.

To ensure capital flows to the best opportunities globally, General Atlantic uses a pooled economics model. A partner's compensation is based on the firm's overall performance, eliminating incentives to favor investments in their own region if better options exist elsewhere.

Decentralized acquirer Amitech maintains a central team of "black belts," who are experts in operational excellence. These specialists are deployed to subsidiaries to run "Kaizen events," helping them eliminate waste and improve processes. This model combines the autonomy of decentralization with the benefits of centralized expertise.

In a multi-product company, horizontal teams naturally prioritize mature, high-impact businesses. Structuring teams vertically with P&L ownership for each product, even nascent ones, ensures dedicated focus and accountability, preventing smaller initiatives from being starved of resources.

To reduce management overhead, give individuals or small teams a clear 'hill to take' with full operating control and a budget. This turns them into a CEO of their area, which is highly motivating and fosters autonomy, freeing up founders from day-to-day management.

A core 3G management principle is for leadership to define the strategic goals (the "what"). However, teams are given complete autonomy to determine the execution methods (the "how"). This pushes decision-making closer to the problems and attracts top talent who thrive on freedom and problem-solving.

Structuring compensation around a single, firm-wide P&L, rather than individual deal performance, eliminates internal competition. It forces a culture of true collaboration, as everyone's success is tied together. The system is maintained as a meritocracy by removing underperformers from the 'boat.'

Brookfield's model uses local, autonomous teams for sourcing and operations, fostering deep market knowledge. However, all capital deployment decisions are made by a small, central group. This structure provides a global perspective, allowing capital to flow to the best risk-adjusted opportunities worldwide.

a16z's key innovation was separating economic partnership from control. Centralized decision-making enabled rapid reorganization and expansion into new categories, a feat difficult in traditional, consensus-driven firms where partners can veto changes that might reduce their power.