Instead of crushing competent rivals, Rockefeller transformed them into collaborators. He offered them willing partnerships, significant autonomy to run their divisions, and a voice in overall company policy. This created a "company of founders," aligning interests and ensuring that top talent would join him rather than fight him.
To overcome the cold start problem in a network effects business, especially in a conservative industry like finance, a powerful strategy is to create a coalition or consortium model. By giving early adopters ownership and governance rights, you align incentives, build trust, and transform would-be competitors into enthusiastic evangelists for the new network.
To ensure genuine collaboration across funds, Centerbridge structures compensation so a "substantial minority" of an individual's pay comes from other areas of the firm. This economic incentive forces a firm-wide perspective and makes being "part of one team" a financial reality, not just a cultural slogan.
Rockefeller identified transportation as his largest expense and made it his obsession. Instead of just minimizing this cost, he transformed it into a strategic weapon, negotiating secret rebates that not only lowered his costs but also generated profit from competitors' shipments, effectively funding his monopolistic expansion.
Don't pitch big ideas by going straight to the CEO for a mandate; this alienates the teams who must execute. Instead, introduce ideas casually to find a small group of collaborative "yes, and" thinkers. Build momentum with this core coalition before presenting the developed concept more broadly.
Rockefeller cultivated an unaggressive, patient exterior as a strategic mask. This incredible self-control concealed a massive ego and lethal business judgments, allowing him to disarm competitors and partners while planning his next move without revealing his true intentions or emotions.
To solve misalignment, the company cascaded OKRs from the CEO down. Critically, regional leaders were made 'champions' of key pillars like user acquisition. This gave them ownership and a direct voice in shaping product solutions, turning potentially adversarial relationships into collaborative partnerships.
Rockefeller used his company's stock as a strategic weapon beyond just fundraising. He granted cheap shares to influential bankers to secure favorable loan terms for himself while simultaneously blocking competitors' access to capital, transforming his cap table into a tool for building a network of secret, financially-aligned allies.
Rockefeller created a refiners' association, predicting its failure due to the members' lack of discipline. As its president, he gained full access to his competitors' financials and operations. This allowed him to identify competent operators to acquire as partners and weaker ones to eliminate, all under the guise of cooperation.
Structuring compensation around a single, firm-wide P&L, rather than individual deal performance, eliminates internal competition. It forces a culture of true collaboration, as everyone's success is tied together. The system is maintained as a meritocracy by removing underperformers from the 'boat.'
Rockefeller didn't see himself as a ruthless monopolist but as a righteous 'up-builder' bringing order to a chaotic industry. He believed competition was destructive and that his consolidation was a force for progress and service. This moral conviction allowed him to pursue his audacious goals with unwavering and unapologetic resolve.