In the US, where public health is not a political priority, the catalyst for policy change promoting healthier living will be fiscal. The government cannot afford the current trajectory of healthcare spending, which will eventually force changes in housing, food, and community planning.

General Catalyst's CEO highlights a core flaw in healthcare: insurance providers don't reimburse for longevity or preventative care because customers frequently switch plans, preventing insurers from capturing long-term ROI. The first company to solve this misalignment and make longevity "financeable" will unlock a massive market.

A $2,000 preventative injection like a PCSK9 inhibitor sounds expensive. However, its cost is likely justified when calculated against the massive societal and individual expense of future medical bills, plus the economic value of additional healthy, productive years.

The Orphan Drug Act successfully incentivized R&D for rare diseases. A similar policy framework is needed for common, age-related diseases. Despite their massive potential markets, these indications suffer from extremely high failure rates and costs. A new incentive structure could de-risk development and align commercial goals with the enormous societal need for longevity.

Beyond tackling fatal diseases to increase lifespan, a new wave of biotech innovation focuses on "health span"—the period of life lived in high quality. This includes developing treatments for conditions often dismissed as aging, such as frailty, vision loss, and hearing decline, aiming to improve wellbeing in later decades.

The traditional medical ethos prevents interventions on non-sick patients. This conservative approach may be irrational when low-risk therapies could add decades of healthy life, challenging the fundamental definition of when a doctor should act.

Chronic illnesses like cancer, heart disease, and Alzheimer's typically develop over two decades before symptoms appear. This long "runway" is a massive, underutilized opportunity to identify high-risk individuals and intervene, yet medicine typically focuses on treatment only after a disease is established.

Facing one of the world's most rapidly aging populations, South Korea is proactively developing technological solutions like personal exoskeletons. This urgent need positions the country as a global leader in addressing the economic and social challenges of a major demographic shift.

The common aversion to living to 120 stems from assuming extra years will be spent in poor health. The goal of longevity science is to extend *healthspan*—the period of healthy, mobile life—which reframes the debate from merely adding years to adding high-quality life.