Instead of chasing a new audience, a kids' brand was advised to add features for the parents who are already customers. This "Pixar" model—having content for adults—leverages the existing customer base for word-of-mouth growth into the new segment.

Nike's pivot from a niche athletic company to a cultural icon was sparked by a simple decision: producing the Waffle Trainer in blue. This allowed the shoe to be paired with jeans, transforming it from specialized athletic gear into an everyday fashion statement and symbol of identity. It shows how a minor product choice can redefine a market.

Lego maintains relevance by replacing over 400 products each year. Their structured creative process blends internal ideas with external cultural trends, leveraging partnerships with major IPs like Star Wars for early insights. This ensures their product roadmap aligns with what will capture kids' future attention.

A coffee brand struggling to compete with other roasters was advised to reposition itself within the multi-billion dollar wedding gift industry. By targeting a different use case and customer (bridal registries), the commoditized product gains a unique and defensible niche.

According to Shopify's President, the key to building the next wave of billion-dollar brands isn't capturing a slice of an existing market, but creating a new one entirely. Brands like Skims and Gymshark succeeded by redefining their categories (shapewear, athletic apparel), effectively creating new TAM rather than just competing for it.

LEGO maintains its market leadership by replacing half of its product portfolio—around 450 products—every single year. This aggressive renewal cycle forces the company to stay deeply connected to current trends and continuously innovate, ensuring they are "no better than the creativity we are coming out with right now."

A traditional toy company facing declining sales can leapfrog the market by integrating conversational AI. This transforms a static product, like a plush doll, into an interactive companion that can answer questions and personalize the experience, creating a new product category and potential for subscription revenue.

A key breakthrough for Au Bon Pain was realizing customers didn't just want bread; they wanted sandwiches. By seeing their core product (the baguette) as a platform for a larger "job to be done" (a convenient, quality lunch), they unlocked massive growth. This empathetic shift in perspective is a powerful tool for innovation.

For character-based toys, the path to scale isn't just selling more dolls; it's creating a universe around them. Following the "Paw Patrol" model, toy brands should prioritize creating animated content (even short, AI-generated clips) that builds emotional connection. The toys then become high-margin merchandise for an engaged audience.